Directory

The operation employs a fly-in, fly-out (FIFO) workforce. As of 30 June 2023, Pilbara Minerals had 768 employees. The P680 expansion project created over 350 construction jobs and is expected to sustain an additional 300 operational jobs. In early 2024, First Nations employment was 2.1%, with 26 full-time employees.

The Pilgangoora Operation, 100% owned by Pilbara Minerals through its subsidiary Pilgangoora Operations Pty Ltd, is located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, approximately 120 to 140 kilometres from Port Hedland. It is an active, open-pit mine.

Spodumene concentrate production was 620,147 dry metric tonnes for the 2023 financial year. In the September quarter of 2025, the operation produced 224,800 tonnes of spodumene concentrate.

Processing involves a conventional flowsheet with crushing, ore sorting, dense media separation, gravity separation, grinding, and flotation. The operation has two processing plants: the Pilgan Plant, which produces spodumene and tantalite concentrates, and the Ngungaju Plant, which produces spodumene concentrate. A significant recent addition is the world's largest lithium ore sorter, commissioned as part of the P680 expansion. In December 2024, the Ngungaju Plant was placed into care and maintenance for cost optimisation, though a restart is planned, transitioning to a single-plant P850 operating model.

The operation uses conventional truck and shovel/loader methods, including drill and blast. Its fleet includes 100t to 250t class hydraulic excavators, 100t to 150t class rear dump haul trucks, and 14 Epiroc SmartROC D65 surface drill rigs. The Cat MineStar Fleet management system is also utilised.

The Pilgangoora Operation is undergoing a multi-phased expansion. The P680 Project and P1000 Expansion Project were completed in the 2025 financial year, increasing total nameplate capacity to approximately 1 million tonnes per annum. A pre-feasibility study for a P2000 Project, which could expand production to over 2 million tonnes per annum through a third processing plant, has been completed, with a full feasibility study expected in the December quarter of 2025.

During peak construction, the project is expected to employ between 7,500 and 10,000 people. Once in production, it is expected to create between 3,500 and 4,000 long-term jobs, with one source mentioning 6,400 employees and contractors during full production.

The Reko Diq Project is planned as a truck-and-shovel open-pit operation with two open pits, a processing plant, waste rock dumps, and a tailings storage facility. It is currently under development, though Barrick announced a slowdown in development activity and an extended project review until mid-2027 due to escalating security risks.

The mine is expected to produce 200,000 to 250,000 tonnes of copper per year. Phase 1 is designed for an annual output of 200,000 tonnes of copper concentrate and 250,000 ounces of gold.

The project will have processing facilities to produce a high-quality copper-gold concentrate. Construction is planned in two phases, with a combined process capacity of 90 million tonnes per annum.

Construction is planned in two phases. Phase 1 capital cost was estimated at $5.6 billion to $6.0 billion, and Phase 2 at $3.3 billion to $3.6 billion, though Barrick anticipates significant increases to the capital budget and timeline. The project's reconstitution was finalised in December 2022. An Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) was completed in 2024 and approved in March 2025.

The San Juan Silver project is an exploration and development-stage underground mine located in the Creede Mining District of Colorado, United States. Hecla Mining Company holds 100% ownership of the project. The project is situated in a significant historical silver-producing region, and for the first time, the entire 21-square-mile Creede Mining District is under single ownership. The project's focus includes the Bulldog Mine, which has a history of producing 25 million ounces of silver between 1969 and 1985. Hecla is strategically advancing the project to access underground infrastructure for resource confirmation and expansion. As of 31 December 2022, the project had an inferred resource of 38.2 million ounces of silver, 34,000 ounces of gold, 49,400 tons of lead, and 39,850 tons of zinc. San Juan Silver is classified as a high-impact development project and was allocated 1% of Hecla's 2025 exploration budget.

The project is in an exploration and development stage and is not currently in production.

The Libby Exploration Project, formerly known as the Montanore project, is an underground silver and copper exploration operation in Lincoln County, Montana, acquired by Hecla Mining Company in September 2016. The project focuses on exploration and evaluation, with a new Plan of Operations from the U.S. Forest Service allowing for 16 years of underground exploration, including dewatering and rehabilitating the Libby Creek Adit. It faces regulatory oversight and legal challenges from environmental groups.

Production overview - 2024: copper 1500000000 lbs, silver 183000000 oz.

The mineralisation is reported to be open down dip and to the north, indicating potential for resource expansion.

Hecla Mining is the second-largest private employer in Shoshone County. In 2024, 90% of new hires at the mine were from local communities. The company offers worker retraining programs, including online training in partnership with North Idaho College and hands-on training from equipment manufacturers like Caterpillar and Epiroc.

The Lucky Friday mine is a deep underground silver, lead, and zinc mine located in the Coeur d'Alene Mining District in northern Idaho. It has been in operation since 1942 and is situated approximately one mile east of Mullan, adjacent to Interstate 90.

Production overview - 2025: silver 5.3 Moz; 2024: silver 4.9 Moz, zinc 12258.95262 t.

The mill produces silver-lead and zinc concentrates. The mine uses underhand and overhand mining methods and has pioneered the patented Underhand Closed Bench (UCB) method, which enhances safety and productivity. In 2023, the UCB method accounted for about 87% of the tons mined. Metallurgical recoveries for 2025 were reported as 94.5% for silver, 94.3% for lead, and 85.1% for zinc.

The site has a full surface facility with a mill that can process 1,000 short tons of ore per day. Primary access to the mine is via the 6,205-foot-deep Silver Shaft. A key infrastructure project, the #4 Shaft, is an internal shaft that reaches 9,600 feet below the surface.

The completed #4 Shaft provides access to the highest-grade ore in the mine's history within the Gold Hunter/Lucky Friday Expansion Area. This development is expected to extend the mine's operational life. Exploration drilling was planned in 2024 to the east of the 30 Vein, in an area between the Gold Hunter and the historic mine. A surface cooling project is anticipated to be finished by mid-2026.

more than 65 team members from Brazil joined Pilbara Minerals.

The Colina Lithium Project is part of Latin Resources' larger Salinas Lithium Project. A Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) was completed in September 2023, and a Definitive Feasibility Study (DFS) is scheduled for release in the third quarter of 2024. The PEA demonstrated robust economics for a two-phased, low-capital operation. Preliminary environmental and installation licenses were awarded in the March Quarter of 2025, which are critical for future construction activities.

The PEA projects a life-of-mine average annual production for the combined Phase 1 and 2 of approximately 405,000 tonnes of SC5.5 and 123,000 tonnes of SC3. A later projection for the completed second phase estimates an increased life-of-mine production of 525,000 tonnes per annum of SC5.5 and 159,000 tonnes of SC3. First production from Phase 1 is targeted for 2026, with Phase 2 production expected to start in 2028.

The project plans a standalone processing facility using Dense Media Separation (DMS) and gravity separation. The design is for a two-phase development, starting with a throughput of 1.5 million tonnes per annum and expanding to 3.6 million tonnes per annum. The facility will produce a high-quality 5.5% Li2O spodumene concentrate (SC5.5) and a 3% Li2O spodumene tailings concentrate (SC3). The design incorporates sustainable practices such as using hydro power, dry-stack tailings, and recycled water.

A Phase 3 extension and expansion will be evaluated as part of the Definitive Feasibility Study. Latin Resources is actively exploring the surrounding tenement package, with a focus on extensions to the Colina deposit and new discoveries, such as the Planalto Prospect, located less than two kilometres from the proposed Colina processing infrastructure. The company aims to define additional resources to support production growth.

over 3,000 local workers

Production overview - 2024: copper 207800 t; 2023: copper 56200 t.

The operation consists of an open pit mine, a concentrator plant with a production capacity of 140,000 tonnes-per-day, a tailings facility, and port facilities. The processing of copper ore involves crushing, milling, bulk flotation, thickening, and filtering to produce copper and molybdenum concentrates. Copper concentrate is transported 165 kilometres by pipeline to the port for shipment. The molybdenum plant was substantially completed in December 2023 with ramp-up expected to be finished by the end of the second quarter of 2024.

The Quebrada Blanca Phase 2 (QB2) project is a major expansion of the original mine, developing the deeper sulphide resource. At full production, QB2 is expected to double Teck's consolidated copper production. The project has an initial mine life of 27 years, which will use only about 18% of the 2022 reserves and resources, indicating significant potential for further expansions.

The mine has a workforce of 473 people. The majority of personnel reside in the nearby town of Andacollo or the cities of Coquimbo and La Serena.

The Carmen de Andacollo mine is an open-pit copper and gold operation in the Coquimbo Region of Chile, approximately 350 kilometres north of Santiago. It is operated by Compañía Minera Teck Carmen de Andacollo, a joint venture between Teck Resources (90%) and ENAMI (10%). The mine is located at an elevation of 1,000 metres and transitioned to 100% renewable power in September 2020.

Annual copper production in concentrate was 39,600 tonnes in 2023 and 39,700 tonnes in 2024. All payable gold produced is sold to RGLD Gold AG under a streaming agreement.

The mine processes hypogene ore using semi-autogenous grinding and a flotation plant with a capacity of up to 55,000 tonnes of ore per day to produce copper concentrates. Previously, supergene ore was processed through heap leaching and a solvent extraction and electrowinning plant to produce copper cathodes, but these cathode operations ceased in 2023.

The mining equipment fleet includes electric blast hole drills, electric cable shovels, a hydraulic excavator, front-end loaders, and haul trucks with capacities of up to 229 tonnes, supported by various ancillary vehicles.

An operational continuity project is underway to extend the mine's life until 2031. A further extension beyond this date is being studied and will require additional water rights and regulatory approvals. These studies include technical assessments and the collection of environmental baseline data to support an environmental impact assessment.

The Casa Berardi mine is located in northwestern Québec, Canada, approximately 95 kilometres north of the town of La Sarre. The operation is a gold mine, which also produces silver. It has been a combined open-pit and underground mining operation, transitioning to solely open-pit. The ore processing facility has a capacity of 3,730 tonnes per day.

Production overview - 2023: gold 90363 oz, silver 22415 oz.

Ore is transported to a crusher dump pocket, oversized material is broken down and screened before being fed into a primary jaw crusher. The crushed ore is then conveyed to a semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mill that operates in a closed circuit with a screen, with undersized material directed to a cyclone system.

drilling, blasting, truck and shovel operations, crusher dump pocket, primary jaw crusher, semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mill, screen, cyclone system

processing facility has potential to be expanded to 4,400 tonnes per day

The Noxon project, also known as Rock Creek Project, is a proposed underground copper and silver mine located in Sanders County, Montana. It is currently in pre-development, facing a long permitting and legal process. Hecla Mining Company acquired the project in 2015 and holds 100% ownership. The proposed mine life is estimated to be between 30 and 37 years. The project involves a mill/concentrator complex with proposed metallurgical recoveries of 88% for silver and 92% for copper. Plans include wastewater discharge into the Clark Fork River and storage of 100 million tons of waste rock.

Production overview - 1989: copper 888315 t, silver 237600000 oz.

mill/concentrator complex; metallurgical recoveries are 88% for silver and 92% for copper

mill/concentrator complex

approximately 30 to 35 personnel

The Libby Exploration Project is an underground silver and copper exploration project operated by Hecla Mining Company through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Montanore Minerals Corporation. The project is located in Lincoln County, Montana, in the United States, approximately 20 aerial miles south of the town of Libby. The project was previously known as the Montanore Mine before being renamed by Hecla.

The processing method for the exploration phase involves the analysis of samples to obtain geologic and metallurgical data on the copper and silver mineralization.

In 2018, the workforce consisted of 107 company employees and 33 contract employees. By 2023, this had been reduced to 8 employees, reflecting its care and maintenance status. A minimal workforce is currently on site to maintain the facilities.

The Midas mine, also known as the Ken Snyder Mine, is an underground gold and silver operation in Elko County, Nevada, United States. It is 100 per cent owned and operated by Hecla Mining Company. Modern mining commenced in 1998, and the mine has historically produced 2.2 million ounces of gold and 27 million ounces of silver. Production was suspended in late 2019, and as of May 2026, the mine is on care and maintenance.

Historically, the mine has produced 2.2 million ounces of gold and 27 million ounces of silver. In 2018, production was 13,852 ounces of gold and 164,054 ounces of silver. In 2020, production was 31,800 ounces of gold and 37,400 ounces of silver. In 2021, production was 169,000 ounces of gold and 1,700,000 ounces of silver.

The processing facility includes a fully permitted 1,200 tonne-per-day conventional mill. It uses gravity separation and cyanide leaching with a Merrill-Crowe recovery circuit, a refinery, and a cyanide destruction circuit. The permitted tailings storage facility has an estimated capacity for approximately 15 years of operation.

The processing facility includes a crushing system, a single-stage ball mill, cyclones, a gravity concentrator, leach and carbon-in-pulp circuits, a cyanide detoxification circuit, and a Merrill-Crowe precipitation circuit.

Hecla Mining Company is evaluating a restart of operations, termed the Midas restart project, which could serve as a central processing hub for multiple ore sources in the region. Recent exploration has yielded promising results, including new high-grade gold discoveries at the Pogo Trend. The company is assessing the refurbishment of existing infrastructure for a restart with lower capital intensity. A potential restart development decision is targeted for 2029-2030.

While on care and maintenance, the workforce is minimal, with as few as two employees reported. In December 2020, Hecla's Nevada Operations unit, which includes Fire Creek, had 76 employees.

The Fire Creek Mine, an underground operation in Lander County, Nevada, United States, is owned and operated by Hecla Mining Company, which acquired it in July 2018. The mine has been on care and maintenance since the second quarter of 2021, following the processing of its remaining non-refractory ore stockpile. The deposit is a low-sulfidation, epithermal type, featuring gold and silver mineralisation in steeply dipping veins, alongside structurally controlled refractory sulfide mineralisation.

Production figures include 683 ounces of gold in 2023, 26,214 ounces of gold and 37,400 ounces of silver in 2021, 31,800 ounces of gold and 37,400 ounces of silver in 2020, 52,616 ounces of gold and 63,279 ounces of silver in 2019, 107,143 ounces of gold and 72,283 ounces of silver in 2017, and 101,286 ounces of gold and 80,593 ounces of silver in 2016.

Historically, ore from Fire Creek was processed using various methods, including heap leaching in the 1980s. More recently, non-refractory ore was transported to Hecla's Midas mill for processing, which involved grinding, gravity concentration, cyanidation, and Merrill-Crowe precipitation. An agreement also existed with Nevada Gold Mines to process a bulk sample of Fire Creek's refractory ore. The Midas mill has a capacity of 1,200 tonnes per day.

Equipment mentioned on site has included Sandvik jumbo drills and bolters, loaders, and haul trucks.

A restart of mining operations is contingent on exploration success. Hecla Mining is conducting a strategic review of its Nevada portfolio, including Fire Creek, and has significantly increased the exploration budget for these assets in 2026. The company has highlighted that 90 per cent of the Fire Creek district remains unexplored using modern techniques. The potential restart of the nearby Midas mill is being assessed, which could serve as a central processing hub for ore from multiple regional sources, including Fire Creek.

Iron oxide copper-gold mineral deposit located in the Carajás Mineral Province in the state of Pará, northern Brazil. The project is situated approximately 100 km south of Parauapebas and 30 km east of Canaã. It is also described as being within a 40 km trucking distance of the Antas processing hub.

proposed mining rate is 1.0 Mtpa

conventional crushing, grinding, and flotation. Run-of-mine ore from Santa Lúcia to be processed at the central processing facility at the Carajás East Hub, located at the Antas mine.

The Gurupi Project, formerly known as the CentroGold Project, is a district-scale gold project covering approximately 2,100 square kilometres along an 80-kilometre mineralised trend. It consists of three known open-pit deposits: Blanket, Contact, and Chega Tudo. G Mining Ventures acquired the project from BHP in the fourth quarter of 2024. The previous Pre-Feasibility Study completed by OZ Minerals in 2019 is no longer considered relevant by the new ownership. A court ruling in July 2025 annulled previous environmental licenses and confirmed G Mining's ability to initiate a new environmental licensing process.

G Mining Ventures released an updated NI 43-101 compliant mineral resource estimate in the first quarter of 2025. The company is focusing on expanding the mineral resources and expects to release a Preliminary Economic Assessment (PEA) in the second half of 2026. The first drilling program under the new ownership was scheduled to commence in November 2025.

up to 150 personnel

Oak Dam is an advanced exploration project. BHP is progressing the Oak Dam Underground Access Project to conduct further exploration from underground drill platforms.

up to 14 drill rigs, twin declines, box cut, portal development, utility facilities, diesel generation plant, refrigeration plant, administration buildings, maintenance buildings, concrete batch plant, waste rock landform

BHP is progressing the Oak Dam Underground Access Project to conduct further exploration from underground drill platforms. Construction of declines and infrastructure planned to commence in FY25 and project completion in FY29.