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444 (2025)

The Lucky Friday mine is an underground silver, lead, and zinc mine situated in the Coeur d'Alene Mining District in northern Idaho, United States. It is located approximately one mile east of Mullan, in Shoshone County. The mine can be observed from U.S. Interstate 90.

Production overview - 2024: silver 4900000 oz, lead 31300 t, zinc 13513 t; 2023: silver 3100000 oz.

The mine has a full surface facility which includes a mill with a capacity of 1,000 tons of ore per day. The mill produces silver-lead and zinc concentrates.

full surface facility which includes a mill with a capacity of 1,000 tons of ore per day. The mill produces silver-lead and zinc concentrates. The primary access to the underground workings is through the Silver Shaft, which is 18 feet in diameter and concrete-lined, reaching a depth of 6,200 feet.

The #4 Shaft project, is now complete and operational, which is expected to extend the mine's life by another 20 to 30 years. This internal shaft reaches 9,600 feet below the surface and provides access to higher-grade ore in the Gold Hunter/Lucky Friday Expansion Area.

The Casa Berardi operation is a gold mine in northwestern Quebec, Canada, that has been in production for over 35 years. The mine comprises both open-pit and underground operations. In March 2026, Orezone Gold Corporation completed the acquisition of Hecla Quebec Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Hecla Mining Company, thereby acquiring 100% ownership of the Casa Berardi mine. Prior to the sale, Hecla was transitioning the mine to a fully open-pit operation. The lower-margin east mine underground operations were closed in July 2023, with mining continuing in the higher-margin stopes of the west underground mine. A technical report from March 2024 outlined a 14-year mine plan based on open pit reserves. Orezone has initiated trade-off studies to evaluate the optimisation of the current mine plan and a potential increase in underground production. The company also plans to initiate a multi-year exploration drill program of 80,000 to 100,000 metres per year.

Production overview - 2025: gold 151000 oz; 2024: gold 86648 oz.

The mill has a processing capacity of 3,730 tonnes per day, with a potential future maximum output of 4,400 tonnes per day. The process utilises a primary jaw crusher, a semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mill, a ball mill, and a carbon-in-leach (CIL) circuit.

mill with a capacity of 3,730 tonnes per day, truck and shovel/loader.

mill capacity can be expanded to 4,400 tonnes per day

The Silver Valley / Star mine is a pre-development project located in the Silver Valley of Idaho, a historically significant silver-producing region. Hecla Mining Company, the operator, has classified the project as part of its exploration portfolio with a renewed emphasis on the area. A comprehensive exploration program was planned for 2026, following a desktop review in 2025. The project is allocated 9% of Hecla's exploration budget.

Metallurgical recovery for the inferred resource is estimated at 85% for gold and 85% for silver as of the end of 2025. Previously, in 2024, the metallurgical recovery was estimated at 90% for both gold and silver. For the 2023 inferred resource, metallurgical recovery was also estimated at 90% for gold and 90% for silver.

Following the transition to care and maintenance in November 2024, approximately 300 employees were impacted, with all affected staff prioritised for redeployment. A team of about 10 employees remains on-site to manage care and maintenance activities.

The Bald Hill Mine is an open-pit operation located approximately 50 kilometres south-east of Kambalda in the Goldfields region of Western Australia. It is 100% owned and operated by Mineral Resources Limited, which acquired the project on 1 November 2023. The primary commodities produced are lithium, in the form of spodumene concentrate, and tantalum as tantalite concentrate. Following a strategic review due to low spodumene concentrate prices, Mineral Resources transitioned the mine into care and maintenance in November 2024.

Lithium concentrate production first began in March 2018. In the last nine months of 2018, the mine produced approximately 43 tonnes of tantalite. For the 2025 financial year, the revised shipped volume guidance was approximately 60,000 dry metric tonnes of SC6 equivalent, following the transition to care and maintenance.

The processing facilities at Bald Hill include a spodumene concentrate plant featuring a four-stage crushing circuit and a Dense Media Separation (DMS) circuit. The plant is designed to process 1.2 million tonnes of ore per year, with a nominal throughput of 161 tonnes per hour, and has an annual production capacity of approximately 150,000 to 167,000 tonnes of 5.5% to 6% spodumene concentrate.

The equipment at the mine includes standard open-pit machinery such as excavators, haul trucks, and drill rigs. After the acquisition, Mineral Resources replaced hired equipment with its own fleet, including eight trucks and two excavators, and commissioned a new crushing plant.

Acquired in November 2023. Transitioned to care and maintenance in November 2024 due to low spodumene concentrate prices. Evaluating options for a potential restart as of April 2026.

Approximately 1,000 employees were impacted by the ramp-down of operations. Around 800 people were successfully redeployed to other operations by Mineral Resources Limited.

The total workforce for the Iron Valley site is 230 people.

Iron Valley is an operating open-pit iron ore mine in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, approximately 75 to 81.6 kilometres northwest of Newman. It is 100 percent owned and operated by Mineral Resources Limited, which acquired the assets from BCI Minerals Limited in June 2024. It is Mineral Resources' oldest continuously producing iron ore operation and a key component of the company's Central Pilbara hub.

Historical production for the Iron Valley mine includes 1.877 million tonnes in 2016, 8 million tonnes in fiscal year 2017, 6.1 million tonnes in the 2021 financial year, 5.45 million tonnes in 2022, and 11.6 million tonnes in 2023. As of 30 June 2019, the ore reserve was 89.0 million tonnes at 58.3 percent iron.

The operation involves conventional open-cut truck and shovel mining methods. The ore undergoes a dry crushing and screening process on-site to produce direct shipping ore in the form of lump and fines products. This processed ore is then transported by road train to the Utah Point bulk handling facility at Port Hedland for export.

The equipment fleet includes Hitachi EX3600 and EX2600 excavators, 180-tonne Hitachi EH3500 or equivalent dump trucks, and Komatsu HD1500-8 haul trucks with a payload of 142 tonnes.

A significant expansion is underway with the development of a new North Pit, which will supplement production from the existing Eastern and Central Pits and extend the mine's operational life. The first blast at the North Pit occurred in September 2025. Ore from the nearby Lamb Creek project, which commenced construction in December 2025, will be blended with ore from Iron Valley.

The Rocas Uranium Project is an early-stage uranium exploration asset in Saskatchewan’s southeastern Athabasca Basin region, approximately 75 kilometres southwest of the Key Lake Mine and Mill along Highway 914. Standard Uranium holds the project subject to a Collective Metals earn-in option allowing Collective to acquire up to 75%. Rocas covers 4,002 hectares across three mineral claims and includes a 7.5-kilometre northeast-trending EM conductor corridor with historical surface uranium anomalies. The inaugural 2026 drill program completed 962 metres in four holes, confirming graphitic structures and anomalous radioactivity. Assays remain pending and no resource has been reported. Standard Uranium announced on May 6, 2026 that the first Rocas drill program had been completed, with 962 m drilled across four reconnaissance holes. Three holes intersected anomalous radioactivity above 300 cps, all four encountered graphitic structures and samples were submitted to SRC Geoanalytical Laboratories for U₃O₈ and rare earth element assay.

The Wicheeda Rare Earth Project is a 100%-owned Defense Metals Corp. development asset in British Columbia, approximately 80 kilometres northeast of Prince George. The project hosts a carbonatite-related rare earth deposit with Measured and Indicated resources of 29.2 million tonnes at 2.27% TREO and Inferred resources of 5.5 million tonnes at 1.42% TREO, inclusive of reserves. A 2025 pre-feasibility study supports a proposed open pit development with a 15-year mine life. Wicheeda benefits from road access, nearby power, gas pipeline and rail infrastructure and is advancing through feasibility-stage drilling, environmental work and metallurgical studies. Wicheeda is a rare earth-enriched carbonatite system hosted within a syenite-carbonatite intrusive complex. Defense Metals describes the deposit as a southeast-trending, north to northeast-dipping intrusive complex with dimensions of approximately 450 metres north-south by 250 metres east-west, intruding mixed sedimentary host rocks. The higher-grade mineralisation is mainly associated with dolomite-carbonatite rocks, which outcrop at surface and form the main body of rare earth mineralisation.

Wicheeda is not in production. It is an advanced development project moving through feasibility-stage work, environmental baseline studies, metallurgical pilot work and additional drilling. On May 6, 2026, Defense Metals announced that spring 2026 core drilling had started after field mobilisation was completed on May 1, 2026. The program is expected to comprise 6,865 metres, including pit slope geotechnical drilling, waste rock geochemical drilling and resource upgrade/infill drilling.

During operations, the Sullivan Mine employed an average of 1,000 people per year, with employment peaking at nearly 3,500. Post-closure, the site is actively managed by Teck employees and contractors.

The Sullivan Mine, an underground operation in British Columbia, Canada, operated from 1909 to 2001, primarily producing lead, zinc, and silver. It was acquired by Teck's predecessor, Cominco Ltd., in 1909. Post-closure, Teck manages the site, including a water treatment plant and the SunMine solar project.

Over its lifetime from 1909 to 2001, the Sullivan Mine produced 26 million tonnes of lead, zinc, and silver concentrates. Total production from the mine has also been reported as over 160 million tons of ore, which yielded 8 million tons of lead, 7 million tons of zinc, and 285 million troy ounces of silver. From 1900 to 1974, the mine produced 116,199,323 tons of ore, from which 5,397 ounces of gold, 241,221,351 ounces of silver, 10,293,900 pounds of copper, 14,479,191,822 pounds of lead, 12,623,874,102 pounds of zinc, 5,178,052 pounds of cadmium, and 19,273,157 pounds of tin were recovered.

The mine utilised a differential flotation process, commercialised in 1922, enabling the economical recovery of zinc. This led to the construction of an on-site concentrator with a capacity of 11,000 tonnes per day by 1949. Additional facilities included a tin plant (1942-1985), a fertiliser plant (1953-1971), an iron plant (1960-1971), and a steel plant (1966-1971).

On-site concentrator, tin plant, fertiliser plant, iron plant, steel plant, water treatment plant, SunMine solar project

over 360 full-time operational jobs and 700 jobs during its construction phase.

The NewRange Project is located in the established Iron Range mining region of northeastern Minnesota and consists of two deposits: NorthMet and Sunrise (formerly Mesaba). The project is currently in the permitting stage. In May 2025, the NorthMet Project was designated as a Transparency Project by the US federal government to prioritise and streamline the federal permitting process.

The NorthMet deposit is planned as an open pit operation. The initial plan for the NorthMet operation is for a processing rate of 32,000 tons per day. NewRange is studying the potential to increase this to 40,000 tons per day.

The planned processing for the NorthMet project will involve a beneficiation plant and a hydrometallurgical plant. The process will include primary and secondary crushing, a new SAG mill and a new ball mill. Ore will be processed through rougher flotation to produce a bulk copper and nickel concentrate, which will then be reground and separated in a cleaner flotation circuit. The hydrometallurgical plant will involve pressure treatment of concentrates and precipitation of gold and platinum group metals.

In partnership with Glencore.

The Zafranal Project is a copper-gold deposit located in the Arequipa Region of southern Peru. The project is currently in the development phase, however, in March 2026, Teck Resources decided to postpone a construction decision, and the project has been transitioned to a state of asset preservation. Early work activities were scheduled to cease in the first quarter of 2026. The focus for 2026 will be on identifying and evaluating opportunities to enhance the business case for a future sanction decision.

Production overview - 2016: copper 3543000000 lbs, gold 891000 oz.

conventional sulphide flotation concentrator with crushing, grinding, flotation, thickening, and filtering

In partnership with Mitsubishi Materials.

Over 3,000 local workers are expected to be employed during operations. During the construction of the Quebrada Blanca Phase 2 (QB2) project, more than 30,000 people participated.

The Quebrada Blanca Phase 2 (QB2) project achieved its first copper in March 2023 and was operating near design throughput capacity by the end of 2023. The expanded operation is expected to produce an average of 316,000 tonnes of copper-equivalent annually for the first five full years. It includes a concentrator plant with a capacity to process 140,000 tonnes per day, a tailings facility, a desalination plant, and pipelines. A molybdenum plant was substantially completed in December 2023, with commissioning underway. Cathode production ended in the fourth quarter of 2023. Operations are supported by a remote Integrated Operations Centre in Santiago.

Production overview - 2024: copper 207800 t; 2023: copper 56200 t.

The expanded operation includes a concentrator plant with a capacity to process 140,000 tonnes per day. The infrastructure also features a tailings facility, a desalination plant for all production processes, and pipelines to transport copper concentrate and desalinated water over 165 kilometres. A molybdenum plant was substantially completed in December 2023, with commissioning underway. Cathode production ended in the fourth quarter of 2023. Operations are supported by a remote Integrated Operations Centre in Santiago.

The QB2 expansion includes a new large crusher. PROK Chile was engaged to manufacture and supply 57 engineered pulleys with diameters ranging from 450mm to 2000mm.

The Quebrada Blanca Phase 2 (QB2) project is a major expansion that develops the deeper sulphide resource underlying the original supergene orebody. The project was inaugurated in October 2023. The capital cost for the QB2 project was guided at US$8.6-$8.8 billion. The expansion will use only about 18% of the total 2022 reserves and resources, indicating significant potential for future growth.

The project is expected to create over 500 jobs during construction and 600 at peak production, with a planned 500-600 person camp to support the workforce.

The Tabba Tabba Project, located in the Pilbara region of Western Australia, was historically a tantalum operation that commenced mining in 2015. It was previously a 50/50 joint venture between Nagrom Pty Ltd and Pilbara Minerals Limited, with Global Advanced Metals Wodgina Pty Ltd owning the tenements. In May 2023, Wildcat Resources Ltd acquired 100% of the project and is now advancing it as a significant lithium-tantalum development. The project is currently under development, with a Definitive Feasibility Study underway and a Pre-Feasibility Study completed in July 2025, confirming the technical and financial viability of a long-life mine.

A maiden Probable Ore Reserve of 46.3 million tonnes at 1.0% Li2O was declared in 2025. Stage 1 production is forecast to average approximately 295,000 tonnes per annum of 5.5% Li2O spodumene concentrate, increasing to around 565,000 tonnes per annum in Stage 2.

The processing plan involves a whole-of-ore flotation process to produce spodumene concentrate.

Planned equipment includes a processing plant, mine camp, and a modular processing facility.

A two-stage development is planned: Stage 1 will be a 2.2 million tonnes per annum (Mtpa) open-pit mining and processing operation, expanding in Stage 2 to 4.5 Mtpa with the integration of underground ore.