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800 (for Lynas Malaysia Sdn. Bhd.)

The Lynas Malaysia advanced materials plant is located on a 100-hectare site in the Gebeng Industrial Estate. It processes mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC) from the Kalgoorlie facility and concentrate from the Mount Weld mine.

Production overview - 2024: rare earth elements 5655 t; 2023: rare earth elements 6142 t.

The Lynas Malaysia advanced materials plant is located on a 100-hectare site in the Gebeng Industrial Estate. It processes mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC) from the Kalgoorlie facility and concentrate from the Mount Weld mine. The process involves three main stages: cracking and leaching, solvent extraction, and product finishing. In the cracking and leaching stage, the concentrate is mixed with sulphuric acid and heated to convert rare earth phosphates to sulphates. Water is then used to leach the rare earth sulphates, and impurities are removed. The solvent extraction stage uses a liquid-liquid counter-current system to separate the rare earths into individual elements or groups. Finally, in product finishing, the separated rare earth elements are precipitated as solid carbonates or oxalates and then calcined to produce the respective oxides.

In October 2023, a variation to the Malaysian operating licence was granted, allowing the continuation of cracking and leaching activities at the facility. A major works program was completed in December 2023 to increase the production capacity for the NdPr family of elements to approximately 10,500 tonnes per annum. This program also involved reconfiguring a solvent extraction circuit to enable the production of Dysprosium and Terbium, with first production targeted for the 2025 calendar year. Lynas is also planning a new heavy rare earths separation facility at the Malaysian plant with a target processing capacity of up to 5,000 tonnes per annum of HRE feedstock. The initial phase of this new facility is expected to produce Samarium from Mt Weld feedstock by April 2026.

115 direct jobs

The Kalgoorlie Rare Earths Processing Facility, operated by Lynas Rare Earths Ltd, is a first-of-its-kind downstream processing plant in Australia. It undertakes value-added processing of rare earth concentrate from the Mt Weld mine. The facility produces a Mixed Rare Earths Carbonate (MREC), which is then shipped to Lynas' Malaysian facility for final separation into individual rare earth products, and in the future will also supply a planned US facility. The plant is a key component of Lynas' 2025 growth plan. First production of MREC commenced in the June 2024 quarter, with the first shipment to Malaysia also occurring during this period. The facility was officially opened on 8 November 2024.

For the period of June 2024 to 31 December 2024, the facility processed 11,986.6 dry metric tonnes of rare earth concentrate. During this same period, the facility produced 24,738.2 dry metric tonnes of gypsum by-product and 8,613.9 dry metric tonnes of iron phosphate by-product.

The processing at the Kalgoorlie facility involves a cracking and leaching process. Rare earth concentrate from the Mt Weld mine is mixed with concentrated sulphuric acid and treated at a high temperature in a 110-metre long, 6-metre high rotating kiln. This process converts the rare earth phosphate minerals into rare earth sulphate. Water is then added in a leaching stage to dissolve the rare earth sulphates, and impurities, primarily in the form of iron phosphate, are removed. The resulting solution is neutralised to produce the Mixed Rare Earths Carbonate (MREC). The facility also includes a waste gas treatment plant to clean gases from the kiln before they are released as steam through a 65-metre tall stack.

The facility is ramping up production, which is being managed to align with increased capacity at the Mt Weld mine and the Lynas Malaysia plant, as well as market demand. In early November 2025, production was impacted by significant power supply disruptions. Lynas is developing plans for an off-grid power solution to ensure energy stability.

The Wicheeda Rare Earth Project is a 100%-owned Defense Metals Corp. development asset in British Columbia, approximately 80 kilometres northeast of Prince George. The project hosts a carbonatite-related rare earth deposit with Measured and Indicated resources of 29.2 million tonnes at 2.27% TREO and Inferred resources of 5.5 million tonnes at 1.42% TREO, inclusive of reserves. A 2025 pre-feasibility study supports a proposed open pit development with a 15-year mine life. Wicheeda benefits from road access, nearby power, gas pipeline and rail infrastructure and is advancing through feasibility-stage drilling, environmental work and metallurgical studies. Wicheeda is a rare earth-enriched carbonatite system hosted within a syenite-carbonatite intrusive complex. Defense Metals describes the deposit as a southeast-trending, north to northeast-dipping intrusive complex with dimensions of approximately 450 metres north-south by 250 metres east-west, intruding mixed sedimentary host rocks. The higher-grade mineralisation is mainly associated with dolomite-carbonatite rocks, which outcrop at surface and form the main body of rare earth mineralisation.

Wicheeda is not in production. It is an advanced development project moving through feasibility-stage work, environmental baseline studies, metallurgical pilot work and additional drilling. On May 6, 2026, Defense Metals announced that spring 2026 core drilling had started after field mobilisation was completed on May 1, 2026. The program is expected to comprise 6,865 metres, including pit slope geotechnical drilling, waste rock geochemical drilling and resource upgrade/infill drilling.

Pela Ema is Serra Verde’s ionic clay rare earth mine and processing operation near Minaçu in Goiás and is one of the most strategically significant rare earth projects outside Asia. The operation entered commercial production in early 2024 and is the first scaled producer outside Asia of the four key magnetic rare earths dysprosium, terbium, neodymium and praseodymium. Its geology supports low-impact open-pit mining and processing without blasting, crushing, milling or wet tailings. The operation is run by Serra Verde Pesquisa e Mineração (SVPM) within the Serra Verde Group. USA Rare Earth announced on 20 April 2026 that it had agreed to acquire 100% of Serra Verde Group, subject to closing, which would place Pela Ema within the combined USAR group if completed.

The mine entered commercial production in early 2024. Serra Verde says the operation is expected to produce about 6,500 tonnes of rare earth oxides per year by the end of 2027 over a 25-year mine life. Its 2024 sustainability review also said Phase I was ramping toward at least 5,000 tonnes per year of rare earth oxides.

Serra Verde is ramping Phase I toward nameplate production and evaluating a Phase II expansion that could double run-of-mine output before the end of the decade.

Fen is the largest documented rare earth deposit in Europe and has become one of the continent’s most strategically important critical minerals projects. Rare Earths Norway updated the resource in 2026 to 15.9 million tonnes of total rare earth oxides in indicated and inferred categories, up from 8.8 million tonnes in 2024. Around 19 per cent of the oxides are neodymium and praseodymium, giving the project direct relevance to magnet supply chains for electric vehicles, wind turbines, electronics and defence. Norway’s government has now taken over planning for the project to accelerate development as Europe seeks rare earth supply outside China. The project is being developed by Rare Earths Norway (REN), which says it was established to develop the Fen Complex. REN states that it has two owners: Hustadlitt AS and Brennebu AS.

approximately 100 direct jobs

The Lynas US Project is a planned rare earth processing facility in Seadrift, Texas. The facility is intended to process both Heavy and Light Rare Earths. The project is being developed in collaboration with the United States Department of Defense (DoD). Feedstock for the facility is planned to be sourced from Lynas's Mt Weld deposit and Kalgoorlie facility in Western Australia.

Production overview - 2025: rare earth elements 10970 t; 2024: rare earth elements 10908 t.

The Lynas Advanced Materials Plant (LAMP) in Gebeng, Kuantan, processes mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC) shipped from the Lynas facility in Kalgoorlie, Australia, and separates it into individual rare earth products. The plant has recently achieved the first commercial production of separated Heavy Rare Earths (HRE) outside of China, specifically Dysprosium Oxide (Dy) and Terbium Oxide (Tb). In March 2026, the facility produced its first samarium oxide. The Malaysian government has renewed the operating license for the plant for 10 years, effective from 3 March 2026. This renewal comes with the condition that Lynas must cease the production of new WLP (Water Leach Purification) radioactive residue by 2 March 2031. All WLP generated between March 2026 and March 2031 must undergo thorium extraction to reduce its radioactivity.

Lynas has received a 10-year renewal for its Malaysian operating licence, commencing on 3 March 2026. As part of the license conditions, the company is required to submit an upgrade plan for the LAMP by 3 June 2026, and begin physical construction and facility modifications from 3 March 2028. The company is no longer permitted to construct any new permanent disposal facilities for the WLP residue. Lynas has also signed a memorandum of understanding with JS Link from Korea to collaborate on the development of a new magnet manufacturing facility in Malaysia.

The Mt Weld Concentration Plant is an operating processing facility owned by Lynas Rare Earths Ltd. Ore is mined from the adjacent Mt Weld open-pit mine and processed on-site through crushing, grinding, flotation, and filtration to produce a mixed rare earths concentrate. This concentrate is then transported to Lynas' processing facility in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, for initial processing into a mixed rare earth carbonate, or shipped directly to the Lynas Malaysia refinery for further separation and production of finished rare earth products.

Production overview - 2024: rare earth elements 12790 t.

crushing, grinding, flotation, and filtration to produce a mixed rare earths concentrate

Lynas is currently undertaking a major expansion project at Mt Weld, which progressed well during the 2024 financial year. Stage 1 of the expansion, focusing on concentrate dewatering, was completed with commissioning starting in the June 2024 quarter. The broader expansion aims to support a production capacity of 12,000 tonnes per annum of NdPr oxide finished product. This expansion is part of the 'Lynas 2025' growth initiative.

Production overview - 2025: rare earth elements 3212 t; 2024: rare earth elements 10908 t.

Ore is processed at the on-site concentration plant through crushing, grinding, flotation, and filtration to produce a mixed rare earths concentrate. The concentrate is then transported to Lynas' Kalgoorlie facility for initial processing or to the Lynas Malaysia refinery for separation and production of finished rare earth products.

The mining fleet includes 120t to 200t class hydraulic excavators and 80t to 150t class rear dump haul trucks.

A significant expansion project is underway to increase capacity at the Mt Weld mine and concentration plant, targeting feedstock production to support 12,000 tonnes per annum of finished NdPr oxide product. This expansion is supported by a 63% increase in Ore Reserves announced in August 2024. The updated Ore Reserve is 32.0 million tonnes at 6.4% TREO for 2.0 million tonnes of contained TREO. The Mineral Resources estimate was also increased by 92% to 106.6 million tonnes at an average grade of 4.12% TREO. A new hybrid renewable power station is also being constructed to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.

approximately 100 direct jobs when fully operational (expected). The facility is expected to create approximately 100 direct jobs when fully operational.

A planned facility in Seadrift, Texas, for separating both heavy and light rare earth elements. The project is a collaboration with the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD) to strengthen the U.S. rare earths supply chain. Feedstock for the facility is intended to be sourced from the Lynas Mt Weld mine and Kalgoorlie Rare Earths Processing Facility in Western Australia. However, as of early 2026, there is significant uncertainty regarding the construction of the facility due to unresolved wastewater permit issues and ongoing negotiations for a mutually acceptable offtake agreement with the DoD.

The plant was initially expected to produce approximately 5,000 tonnes per annum of rare earth products, including about 1,250 tonnes per annum of NdPr, and 2,500-3,000 tonnes per annum of heavy rare earth products.

The facility is designed for the co-location of integrated Heavy Rare Earths and Light Rare Earth separation plants. It will process mixed rare earths sourced from Lynas' operations in Western Australia.

Lynas has completed the purchase of a 149-acre greenfield site in Seadrift, Texas, from Union Carbide Corporation, a subsidiary of The Dow Chemical Company. The U.S. Government has allocated approximately US$258 million for the construction of the Heavy Rare Earths component of the facility. An additional US$30 million in matched funding from the DoD was allocated for the light rare earth separation plant. The facility is targeted to be operational in FY2026 (1 July 2025 - 30 June 2026). However, recent reports indicate significant uncertainty about the project proceeding, with wastewater management being a key issue. In March 2026, Lynas signed a binding Letter of Intent with the U.S. government for a rare earth oxide supply agreement, which intends to re-allocate approximately US$96 million, previously designated for the Texas facility's construction, to the purchase of light and heavy rare earth oxides from Lynas' existing facilities over a four-year period. This followed a mutual decision to modify the original agreement due to the uncertainty surrounding the construction of the Seadrift facility. An interview with the Lynas CEO in May 2026 confirmed the significant uncertainty as to whether the plant in Texas will proceed, and if so, in what form.

675-strong workforce (2020)

Production overview - 2023: rare earth elements 16780 t.

The plant processes rare earth concentrate from Lynas's Mt Weld mine in Western Australia. The processing involves three main stages: cracking and leaching, solvent extraction, and product finishing. The facility produces a range of separated rare earth materials, including Neodymium and Praseodymium (NdPr), Lanthanum (La), Cerium (Ce), and mixed heavy rare earths (SEG).

Lynas is expanding its operations in Malaysia with the construction of a new Heavy Rare Earth (HRE) separation facility. This facility will have the capacity to process up to 5,000 tonnes per annum of HRE feedstock. The initial phase of this expansion is expected to commence production of samarium from Mt Weld feedstock in April 2026. The expanded product suite will include dysprosium, gadolinium, lutetium, samarium, terbium, and yttrium. In March 2026, Lynas secured a 10-year renewal for its Malaysian operating licence, valid until March 2036. The renewal is subject to several conditions, including the cessation of radioactive residue production within five years and an investment of 1% of its annual gross sales into research and development in Malaysia.

1102 (Lynas Rare Earths employees in 2023). The Mt Weld expansion project is expected to create 100 jobs.

Production overview - 2023: rare earth elements 1864 t; 2022: rare earth elements 15970 t.

Ore is processed at the on-site concentration plant through crushing, grinding, flotation, and filtration to produce a rare earths concentrate. This concentrate is then sent for further processing at Lynas' facilities in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, and Kuantan, Malaysia. The Kalgoorlie facility produces a Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) which is then shipped to Malaysia for final separation. A new Apatite Leach Circuit will be developed as part of the expansion to process apatite-rich ores.

A significant expansion project is underway at Mt Weld, aiming to increase production capacity to be sufficient for 12,000 tonnes per annum of NdPr finished product. The expansion includes the construction of a new hybrid gas-renewable power station to replace the existing diesel one, targeting up to 70% renewable energy penetration. Stage 1 of the expansion (Concentrate Dewatering) was completed and commissioning commenced in the June 2024 quarter, with Stage 2 expected to be completed by the end of FY25. The project has a capital expenditure of approximately A$500 million. A new Apatite Leach Circuit will be developed as part of the expansion to process apatite-rich ores.

The U.S. Rare Earths Processing Facility is a project by Lynas USA LLC, a wholly-owned subsidiary of Lynas Rare Earths. It is planned for the co-location of Heavy and Light Rare Earth separation and processing in Seadrift, Texas. The project is supported by the United States Department of Defense (DoD).

co-location of Heavy and Light Rare Earth separation and processing

Production overview - 2024: rare earth elements 10908 t; 2023: rare earth elements 6142 t.

The Lynas Advanced Materials Plant processes rare earth concentrate from the Mt Weld mine in Western Australia and Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) from the Kalgoorlie facility. The process involves three main stages: cracking and leaching, solvent extraction, and product finishing. In the cracking and leaching stage, the concentrate is mixed with sulphuric acid and heated to convert rare earth phosphates to sulphates. Water is then used to leach the rare earth sulphates, and impurities are removed. The resulting solution is neutralised and fed into the solvent extraction circuit. Solvent extraction uses a liquid-liquid counter-current process to separate the rare earths into groups and individual elements. In the final product finishing stage, the separated rare earth elements are precipitated as solid carbonates or oxalates, with some being calcined to produce oxides. The plant produces a range of products including NdPr oxide, cerium carbonate, cerium oxide, lanthanum-cerium carbonate, lanthanum-cerium oxide, and a mixed heavy rare earths compound.

In March 2026, Lynas Malaysia's operating licence was renewed for ten years, commencing from 3 March 2026. The company has also expanded its processing capabilities to include heavy rare earths. In May 2025, the first production of Dysprosium Oxide was achieved. The new heavy rare earths separation circuit has the capacity to separate up to 1,500 tonnes of heavy rare earths per year. The expanded product range is expected to include dysprosium, terbium, unseparated samarium/europium/gadolinium, and holmium concentrate. An announcement in October 2025 detailed plans for a new Heavy Rare Earth (HRE) separation facility at the plant with a target processing capacity of up to 5,000 tonnes per annum of HRE feedstock. The initial flowsheet for this new facility includes separated Samarium, Gadolinium, Dysprosium, Terbium, Yttrium, and Lutetium.

The Kalgoorlie Rare Earths Processing Facility is the first of its kind in Australia, designed for the value-added processing of rare earth concentrate. It processes concentrate from Lynas's Mt Weld mine, producing Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) which is then shipped to Malaysia for separation.

Produces Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC).

Cracking and leaching to produce Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC).

110-metre long rotary kiln

Part of Lynas's 2025 growth plan; MREC to supply planned U.S. facility in the future.

Production overview - 2025: rare earth elements 6375 t; 2023: rare earth elements 16780 t.

The Lynas Advanced Materials Plant is the world's largest single rare earths processing plant. It processes rare earth concentrate from the Mt Weld mine in Western Australia to produce high-quality separated rare earth materials. The plant produces key materials such as neodymium-praseodymium (NdPr) oxide for magnets, cerium oxide for glass polishing, and heavy rare earth compounds for electronics and wind turbines. As a condition of its renewed licence, the Malaysian government will require the facility to stop producing radioactive waste by 2031. Any radioactive waste generated in the five years leading up to 2031 must be treated and neutralised by extracting thorium or other methods.

In late 2025, Lynas announced a RM500 million (S$156 million) investment to expand its refinery in Gebeng. The company is also required to contribute 1 per cent of its annual gross sales to research and development for Malaysia's rare earth sector as part of its licence renewal. A permanent disposal facility for radioactive waste is under construction and was 72 per cent complete as of October 2025, with full operation expected by the end of 2026.

around 115 direct jobs (operational)

The Kalgoorlie Rare Earths Processing Facility, opened in November 2024, is Australia's first rare earths metal production facility. It processes rare earth concentrate from the Mt Weld mine into Mixed Rare Earths Carbonate using a cracking and leaching process. It is a zero-discharge site.

Production overview - 2025: rare earth elements 6375 t.

cracking and leaching process, mixing with concentrated sulphuric acid and heating in a 110-metre long rotating kiln, leaching with water, impurity removal, waste gas cleaning circuit

large rotating kiln, 48 steel tanks

On 5 August 2024, Lynas announced a significant update to the Mt Weld Mineral Resource and Ore Reserve. The Mineral Resources increased by 92% to 106.6 million tonnes at an average grade of 4.12% Total Rare Earth Oxide (TREO) for a total of 4.39 million tonnes of contained TREO. The Ore Reserves increased by 63% to 32.0 million tonnes at 6.4% TREO for 2.0 million tonnes of contained TREO. This update included a significant increase in contained Heavy Rare Earth mineralisation.

Production overview - 2024: rare earth elements 32 Mt; 2022: rare earth elements 15970 t.

Ore mined from the Mt Weld deposit is trucked to an on-site concentration plant. The ore undergoes crushing, grinding, flotation, and filtration to produce a mixed rare earths concentrate. The concentrate is then transported to Lynas' Kalgoorlie Processing Facility for initial processing or shipped to the Lynas Malaysia refinery for further processing and production of finished rare earths products. The Kalgoorlie facility produces Mixed Rare Earths Carbonate (MREC) which is shipped to Malaysia for separation. A new concentrate dewatering circuit, part of the Mt Weld Expansion Project, became operational in the latter half of 2024.

As part of a mining contract, Carey Group has introduced a new fleet of equipment, including a PC1250 excavator and Komatsu 785 haul trucks.

Lynas is advancing a $500 million Mt Weld Expansion Project to meet growing global demand. Stage 1, a new concentrate dewatering circuit, was operational in the October 2024 quarter. Construction of Stage 2, the balance of the plant including grinding and flotation circuits, is progressing and was forecast to be complete by the end of FY25. The expansion aims to support a production capacity of 12,000 tonnes per annum of NdPr finished product.

100 operational jobs, 260 peak construction jobs

A planned processing facility in Seadrift, Calhoun County, Texas, intended to process both heavy and light rare earth elements. The project, developed with the US DoD, has faced significant uncertainty and stalled permitting progress, making its construction unlikely to proceed as originally planned.

115 to 120 people

The Kalgoorlie Rare Earths Processing Facility, owned and operated by Lynas Rare Earths, officially opened on 8 November 2024 in Yilkari, near Kalgoorlie-Boulder, Western Australia. It processes rare earth concentrate from Lynas's Mt Weld mine, producing Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC) which is then transported to Malaysia for further processing. The facility has a nameplate production capacity of approximately 9,000 tonnes per annum of MREC.

Production overview - 2024: rare earth elements 9000 t.

Cracking concentrate with concentrated sulphuric acid in a 110-metre-long rotary kiln at high temperature, followed by a leaching process to produce Mixed Rare Earth Carbonate (MREC).

Production capacity increased from original design of approximately 7,000 tonnes per annum to 9,000 tonnes per annum of MREC.

over 1000 employees and contractors in Malaysia and Australia.

The Lynas Advanced Materials Plant (LAMP) processes Mt Weld concentrate and mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC).

Production overview - 2023: rare earth elements 16780 t.

The Lynas Malaysia advanced materials plant processes Mt Weld concentrate and mixed rare earth carbonate (MREC). The plant is comprised of three main processing areas: cracking and leaching, solvent extraction, and product finishing. The cracking and leaching process, which generates Water Leach Purification (WLP) residue, is a key part of the operations. As part of a recent license renewal, Lynas is required to cease the production of new WLP radioactive residue by March 2, 2031. Any WLP generated between March 2026 and March 2031 must undergo thorium extraction to reduce its radioactivity.

In March 2026, the Malaysian government renewed the operating license for the Lynas Advanced Materials Plant for 10 years. This renewal is subject to strict conditions, including the cessation of radioactive waste production by 2031. Any radioactive waste generated in the five years leading up to 2031 must be neutralized through methods such as thorium extraction. No new permanent disposal facility for this waste will be permitted. Lynas is also required to contribute 1% of its annual gross sales to research and development funds for Malaysia's domestic rare earths industry. In October 2025, Lynas announced a significant investment to establish a dedicated heavy rare earth processing facility in Malaysia. There are also plans for a partnership with the South Korean firm JS Link to produce super magnets at a neighbouring site.

over 100 ongoing operational roles

For H1 FY2026, total Rare Earth Oxide (REO) production was 6,375 tonnes, with Neodymium and Praseodymium (NdPr) production at 3,407 tonnes. Mt Weld achieved record NdPr in concentrate production in FY2025.

Ore from the Mt Weld deposit is processed on-site at the concentration plant through crushing, grinding, flotation, and filtration to produce a mixed rare earths concentrate. This concentrate is then transported to Lynas's Kalgoorlie facility or Lynas Malaysia refinery for further processing.

Lynas Rare Earths is undertaking a significant expansion of its Mt Weld mine and concentration plant, including new crushing, grinding, flotation, apatite leach, dewatering, and drying facilities. The expansion aims to increase production capacity for rare earths, with construction expected to commence in early 2023 and full operation planned for 2024. As of October 2024, the new concentrate dewatering circuit transitioned to operations. A new hybrid power station (solar, gas, future wind) has been constructed.

274 people (Australian operations)

Ore mined from the Mt Weld deposit is processed on-site at a concentration plant. The process involves crushing, grinding, flotation, and filtration to produce a mixed rare earths concentrate. This concentrate is then transported to Lynas' processing facilities in Kalgoorlie, Western Australia, for initial processing, or to Kuantan, Malaysia, for further separation and production of finished rare earth products.

The mining fleet consists of 120-tonne to 200-tonne class hydraulic excavators and 80-tonne to 150-tonne class rear dump haul trucks, supported by standard ancillary machinery such as graders, dozers, and water carts. In March 2024, Carey Group Holdings was awarded a five-year contract for mining services, which includes mobilising a new mining fleet with a focus on technologies to improve efficiency. The processing plant utilises crushing and grinding infrastructure, flotation circuits, an apatite leach circuit, concentrate dewatering, drying, and load-out facilities.

Lynas is undertaking a significant expansion project at Mt Weld, with a capital expenditure of approximately $500 million, to meet the growing global demand for rare earths. This expansion is designed to increase feedstock production capacity to support the production of 12,000 tonnes per annum of Neodymium and Praseodymium (NdPr) oxide finished product. The project includes upscaled processing equipment, efficiency improvements, and enhanced sustainability measures, such as a new hybrid gas and renewable energy power station. Stage 1 of the expansion, a new concentrate dewatering circuit, was operational in the latter half of 2024. The full expansion is expected to be completed in 2024. As part of the expansion, Lynas will transition from campaign-based mining to continuous mining operations.