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Orezone Gold Corporation had a total of 890 employees as of 2025.

The Casa Berardi operation is a gold mine located in Quebec, Canada. It consists of both underground and open-pit mining operations. A strategic decision was made to transition Casa Berardi to an open-pit-only operation. As part of this transition, the East Mine underground operations were closed in July 2023, with subsequent underground mining limited to the higher-margin stopes of the west underground mine until their exhaustion. The open-pit mining utilises conventional methods including drilling, blasting, and truck/shovel operations across four pits: the F160, WMCP, Principal, and F134 pits.

Production overview - 2023: gold 90363 oz; 2021: gold 201327 oz.

The processing facility includes a mill with a capacity of 3,730 tonnes per day, with the potential to process up to 4,400 tonnes per day. The processing method is a carbon-in-leach (CIL) process to recover gold. Ore is transported to a crusher dump pocket, processed through a primary jaw crusher, and then conveyed to a semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mill.

hydraulic excavators, front-end loaders, rigid-frame trucks, articulated trucks, dozers, graders, primary jaw crusher, semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mill

Transition to an open-pit-only operation; East Mine underground operations closed in July 2023, with subsequent underground mining limited to higher-margin stopes of the west underground mine until their exhaustion.

870 personnel (projected for Phase 2 Hope Bay Project, including Madrid and Boston deposits)

The Madrid project, part of the Hope Bay property, is operated by Agnico Eagle Mines Limited in the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut, Canada. It consists of Madrid North and Madrid South deposits and is currently under active exploration with two exploration ramps being developed. Agnico Eagle holds 100% ownership.

Ore from the Madrid North and South sites is planned to be transported to the processing facility at the nearby Doris mine.

processing plant, diesel power plant

A construction decision for the redevelopment of the Hope Bay property, including the Madrid deposit, is anticipated in May 2026, with a target for potential production to commence in the third quarter of 2030.

The Doris mine, part of the Hope Bay Project, is located in the Kitikmeot region of Nunavut, Canada. It is 100% owned by Agnico Eagle Mines Limited and is currently in care and maintenance. The mine is an underground operation, with gold mineralization in steeply dipping quartz veins.

Production overview - 2020: gold 32290 oz.

regrind, cyanidation (SO2/Air Process), resin gold recovery facilities

enclosed processing plant building, tailings impoundment area, gravel airstrip, diesel power plant, expanded office-accommodations complex, all-weather road network, port at Roberts Bay, laydown facility, fuel storage

exploration activities to expand the Doris and Madrid deposits, technical evaluation for broader Hope Bay project considering larger production scenario

100-105 people

The Akasaba West gold-copper open-pit mine is operated by Agnico Eagle Mines Limited, which holds a 100 per cent ownership interest in the project. The project is located within the municipal limits of Val d'Or, Quebec, Canada, approximately 15 kilometres east of the city's downtown core. Development involved the construction of the pit, a hauling road, and waste rock and ore piles. Commercial production was achieved in the first quarter of 2024.

Production overview - 2024: gold 0.1 Moz; 2021: gold 147000 oz.

On-site gyratory crushing, then trucked to Goldex mine concentrator for processing, and then to LaRonde complex for final processing.

Gyratory crusher, administrative buildings, site trailers, machinery maintenance facility.

617 people (334 Agnico Eagle personnel and 283 contractors in February 2017)

The Goldex gold mine is an underground operation located in Val-d'Or, Quebec, Canada. It is 100% owned and operated by Agnico Eagle Mines Limited. The mine is currently active. The mine is part of the Goldex complex, which also includes the Akasaba West gold-copper open-pit mine, located less than 30 kilometres from Goldex. Ore from Akasaba West is processed at the Goldex facility.

Production overview - 2019: gold 140884 oz; 2016: gold 120704 oz.

two-stage crushing process with a primary jaw crusher located underground and a secondary cone crusher, followed by a two-stage grinding circuit consisting of a semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mill and a ball mill. Gold is recovered through a gravity circuit and smelted on-site into doré bars, and remaining gold is recovered through flotation to produce a gold-bearing pyrite concentrate.

long-hole stoping mining method, Rail-Veyor®, primary jaw crusher, secondary cone crusher, semi-autogenous grinding (SAG) mill, ball mill, three 48-inch Knelson batch concentrators, three Gemini GT1000 shaking tables

processing plant capacity increased from 8,000 to 8,800 tonnes per day in 2018

approximately 5,000 direct and indirect jobs across its various phases.

The San Nicolás Project is currently in the permitting and engineering stage. An Environmental Impact Statement and a Change of Land Use application were submitted to the Mexican environmental ministry in January 2024. The joint venture expects to receive these authorisations by the end of the second quarter of 2026, which would lead to a final investment decision in the third quarter of the same year. An updated feasibility study is being prepared by the joint venture partners.

First production is anticipated in 2026, pending a final investment decision. Over the first five years, the mine is expected to produce 63,000 tonnes of copper and 147,000 tonnes of zinc in concentrate annually.

The project will utilise a conventional flotation plant with a processing capacity of up to 20,000 tonnes per day to produce copper and zinc concentrates.

The mine will be a modern truck-and-shovel open-pit operation.

In 2018, the mine was recognized as the "Safest Mine in Mexico" in the open pit category for 500 or fewer employees.

The La India mine, wholly owned by Agnico Eagle Mines Ltd., is an open pit operation located in Sonora, Mexico. Commercial production commenced in February 2014. Mining operations ceased in the fourth quarter of 2023, and the mine has since transitioned to residual leaching and pre-closure activities. As of early 2026, operations were concentrated on these pre-closure activities and the recovery of remaining gold from the heap leach pads.

Production overview - 2023: gold 4539 oz; 2021: gold 38869 oz.

The mine utilises a heap leach process.

Approximately 1,000, which includes around 500 direct employees and 500 to 600 employees of partner companies.

Production overview - 2024: gold 218860 oz; 2020: gold 6473 kg.

The mine treats refractory ore through a process of grinding, flotation, pressure oxidation using an autoclave, and a carbon-in-leach circuit. The ore processing capacity is 2 million tonnes per year. An extensive investment program completed in 2023 increased the concentrator's capacity to this level.

The mine utilises battery electric vehicles (BEVs) in its underground fleet. It is also implementing remote-controlled and autonomous technologies, including TeleRemote drilling and autonomous hauling with Sandvik TH663i trucks, supported by a 5G network covering over 140km of underground tunnels. A major development was the commissioning of a hoisting shaft extending to a depth of over 1,000 metres; as of December 2023, 100% of the ore is hoisted through this shaft.

An investment program that ran from 2018 to 2023 included the mill expansion, the new hoisting shaft, and a new water treatment plant. In early 2023, the company signed an agreement for 100% of the electricity consumed at the mine to be produced by wind or nuclear power.

The mine site had more than 1,600 full-time workers in 2025, comprising over 700 Canadian Malartic Mine employees and 950 contractor employees.

The Canadian Malartic Complex is one of the largest gold mining operations in the world, located in northwestern Quebec. It is wholly owned and operated by Agnico Eagle, which acquired the remaining 50% interest from Yamana in 2023. The complex consists of the Canadian Malartic open-pit mine and the new Odyssey underground mine. Open-pit mining in the Canadian Malartic pit concluded in 2023, and the pit is now used for tailings disposal. Operations are continuing in the adjacent Barnat pit, which is expected to operate through 2029. The operation is transitioning to become primarily underground with the development of the Odyssey mine, which began production from the Odyssey South zone in 2023 and is set to become one of Canada's largest underground gold mines.

Production overview - 2025: gold 642612 oz; 2023: gold 18.785114342500002 t, silver 9.657450129 t.

Ore from both the open-pit and underground operations is processed at the Canadian Malartic facility, which has a capacity of 60,000 tonnes per day. In 2025, the plant processed an average of 55,131 tonnes of ore daily. The process uses crushing-grinding, conventional cyanidation, and carbon-in-pulp circuits to recover gold and silver. The average gold recovery rate was approximately 91.6% in 2025.

The operation uses a fleet of more than 100 pieces of mobile equipment.

A major expansion is underway with the Odyssey underground mine, which is expected to produce 8.5 million ounces of payable gold between 2023 and 2042. At the end of 2025, shaft sinking at Odyssey had reached a depth of 1,466 metres. The Odyssey mine is expected to use about one-third of the mill's capacity, leaving approximately 40,000 tonnes per day of excess capacity starting in 2028. To utilise this excess capacity, Agnico Eagle is advancing a "Fill the Mill" strategy, which includes a potential second shaft at Odyssey, the development of the Marban satellite open pit, and the Wasamac underground project.

The Monte Cristo mine, operated by Hecla Mining Company, is an underground exploration project located in Esmeralda County, Nevada, United States. As of late 2025, the project has an inferred resource with a 0.094 oz/ton gold cut-off grade and 85% metallurgical recovery for both gold and silver.

North Erregulla-2 (NE-2) is an appraisal well located in the onshore Perth Basin, approximately 300 kilometres north of Perth. It was drilled to test the quality and deliverability of the Dongara-Wagina Sandstone oil discovery encountered in the North Erregulla Deep-1 (NED-1) well. Drilling of NE-2 commenced on 20 March 2024 and reached a total depth of 3,515 metres measured depth relative to the rotary table (MDRT) on 8 April 2024. A well test achieved a strong flow rate, with an estimated potential average production rate of more than 1,100 barrels of oil per day. The discoveries from NED-1 and NE-2 are part of what Mineral Resources (MinRes) defines as the Erregulla Oil Project. In September 2024, MinRes announced a maiden total 2C contingent oil resource for the Erregulla Oil Project of 31.6 million barrels of oil equivalent (MMboe), confirming it as one of the largest onshore oil discoveries in Western Australia.

Production overview - 2024: gold 1100 bbl.

MinRes Explorer Rig (used for North Erregulla-3 appraisal well)

Application for production licences for the North Erregulla Location within EP 426 submitted on 28 August 2024. An appraisal well, North Erregulla-3, was spudded in August 2024.

As of July 2024, the mine employed 2,500 people, with 97% being Papua New Guineans (57% from Porgera and Enga, and 40% from the rest of the country). The company expects to employ approximately 3,200 people by the end of 2024.

The Porgera mine, also known as New Porgera, is a large gold and silver operation in Enga Province, Papua New Guinea, situated at an altitude of 2,200 to 2,700 metres. It employs both open pit and underground mining methods. The mine was on care and maintenance from April 2020 and officially recommenced operations on 22 December 2023, with the processing plant restarting and first gold pour in February 2024. New Porgera Limited owns the operation, with PNG stakeholders holding a 51% majority stake and Barrick Niugini Limited (a joint venture between Barrick Gold Corporation and Zijin Mining Group) holding 49% and acting as operator. A new Special Mining Lease (SML 13) has a projected mine life of 20 years, with economic benefits shared 53% by PNG stakeholders and 47% by Barrick Niugini Limited.

In 2009, the mine produced 572,595 ounces of gold and 94,764 ounces of silver. Production forecasts for the reopened mine estimate approximately 250,000 ounces of gold in 2024, over 400,000 ounces in 2025, and exceeding 600,000 ounces in 2027. Barrick's attributable gold production for 2025 was 92,000 ounces, with a forecast of 80,000 to 100,000 ounces for 2026.

The processing method involves crushing and grinding, a gravity circuit to recover free gold, and flotation to produce a sulphide concentrate. This concentrate is then treated with pressure oxidation, followed by a conventional carbon-in-pulp (CIP) and carbon-in-leach (CIL) cyanide leaching process to recover the gold.

Historically, the open pit operation used Caterpillar 777 and 789 trucks and O&K shovels, while underground operations used Elphinstone LHDs and trucks. In 2025, an order was placed for seven new Sandvik surface drill rigs, including four DR410i rotary blasthole drills and three Leopard DI650i down-the-hole drills, with deliveries expected between June and November 2025. This follows an earlier agreement for new underground trucks, loaders, and drills, with deliveries ongoing through 2028.

For 2024, the planned expenditure for mine operations is K2.7 billion (approximately US$749 million), with K1.6 billion for direct operating costs and K1.1 billion for capital. A Community Development Agreement is being negotiated to manage the distribution of benefits, including royalties and equity, to local stakeholders. The new fiscal arrangement for the mine includes an additional 1% royalty and a 2% increase in corporate tax in exchange for fiscal stability.

Hecla Mining Company acquired the Rackla Gold Property through its acquisition of ATAC Resources Ltd. on 7 July 2023. It is an advanced-stage project covering over 700 square miles (1,830 square kilometres). Hecla's plans include a desktop review of the project in 2025, to be followed by a comprehensive exploration program in 2026. The property contains multiple types of mineralisation, including the Tiger Deposit (carbonate replacement style gold) and the Osiris deposit (Carlin-type gold system).

A 2020 Preliminary Economic Assessment for the Tiger Deposit proposed a processing plant using conventional crushing, grinding, and cyanidation by carbon-in-pulp to produce gold doré.

The Monte Cristo project is a gold and silver exploration-stage property in Esmeralda County, Nevada, wholly owned by Hecla Mining Company. It is a pre-development project with no current production, situated in the Walker Lane trend. Hecla has reported inferred resources for the project, which is part of its high-impact Nevada exploration portfolio.

Underground operations are expected to cease in mid-2025 as the mine transitions to a surface-only operation.

During its peak construction phase, the project is expected to employ 7,500 people. Once in production, it is anticipated to create 4,000 long-term jobs. As of May 2025, nearly 1,000 employees were on-site. Peak mining workforce numbers are estimated at 1,430 workers for Phase 1 and 2,160 for Phase 2.

The Reko Diq project is an open pit copper-gold mine in Balochistan, Pakistan, operated by Barrick Gold Corporation (50% ownership). Currently in feasibility, it plans a two-phase truck-and-shovel operation to produce copper-gold concentrate, with Phase 1 processing 45 Mtpa and Phase 2 doubling capacity to 90 Mtpa. Development is currently slowed due to security risks, with a project review ongoing until mid-2027, impacting budget and timeline.

The project plans a truck-and-shovel open pit operation with processing facilities to produce a high-quality copper-gold concentrate. The development is planned in two phases. Phase 1 is designed to process 45 million tonnes of ore per annum, with Phase 2 expected to double the capacity to 90 million tonnes per annum.

The project is planned in two phases, with Phase 1 designed to process 45 million tonnes of ore per annum, and Phase 2 expected to double the capacity to 90 million tonnes per annum. The reconstitution of the Reko Diq project was completed in December 2022. An updated feasibility study was approved in April 2025, and early-stage civil works began in April 2025. Development activity was slowed in April 2026 due to security risks, with a project review ongoing until mid-2027 to assess security, capital requirements, scope, and timeline.

multinational workforce

The mine utilises a conventional flotation process to produce copper concentrate. A Barrick-patented method, the air-metabisulfate process, is used which does not require cyanide, lime, or fresh water and can operate with salt water, brackish water, or wastewater. The mine processes copper concentrate using 100 percent wastewater sourced from a sewage treatment plant in Medina. A filtration circuit recycles an estimated 70 percent of the wastewater. The mine employs a dry stack tailings storage method. The processing facility includes a paste plant for backfill.

The mining contractor, Byrnecut, utilises equipment including Sandvik DD421 development drills, Sandvik DL421 production drills, a Rhino 100HM boxhole rig, Sandvik LH621 and LH621i boggers, and Sandvik TH663 trucks.

The mine has expanded through the development of the Lode 1 orebody, which is less than one kilometre from the existing lode. This expansion included underground capital works and major upgrades to ventilation and paste plant facilities. Stoping in this new area began in the third quarter of 2023, with commissioning of new infrastructure starting in the second quarter of 2024.

7500 (peak construction), 4000 (long-term operations)

The Reko Diq project is a large copper-gold deposit located in the Chagai District, Balochistan, Pakistan. It is being developed as an open pit mine.

Production overview - 2025: copper 15 Mt, gold 26 Moz.

The mine will use a truck-and-shovel open pit operation with processing facilities to produce a high-quality copper-gold concentrate. Construction is planned in two phases, with a combined processing capacity of 90 million tonnes per annum.

truck-and-shovel open pit operation

Construction planned in two phases with a combined processing capacity of 90 million tonnes per annum. Development slowed in early 2026 due to escalating security risks, review extended to mid-2027, expecting significant increases to capital budget and delayed first production (originally targeted for 2028). The Environmental and Social Impact Assessment (ESIA) has been approved.

The Rackla property is a large-scale, pre-development exploration project in the Yukon, Canada, owned and operated by the United States mining company Hecla Mining Company. Hecla acquired the project on 7 July 2023, through its acquisition of ATAC Resources Ltd. The property is an extensive land package of approximately 1,700 square kilometres. The project is composed of two primary project areas: the Rau project, which contains the Tiger gold deposit, and the Nadaleen project, which features the Osiris gold deposit and other Carlin-type gold targets. Hecla Mining is advancing Rackla as part of its gold diversification strategy. A desktop review of the Tiger Project was scheduled for 2025, with a comprehensive exploration program planned for 2026. The project has a Class 3 Quartz Mining Land Use Approval. As of December 31, 2025, mineral resources at the Rackla-Tiger Project are based on a gold price of $1650/oz and a metallurgical recovery of 95% for gold. For the Rackla-Osiris Project, mineral resources are based on a gold price of $1850/oz and a metallurgical recovery of 83% for gold.

Production overview - 2025: gold 4398 t.

The Tiger Project Preliminary Economic Assessment from 2020 proposed a processing plant that would use conventional crushing, grinding, cyanidation by carbon-in-pulp (CIP), and gold recovery from loaded carbon to produce gold doré.

Hecla acquired the project on 7 July 2023, through its acquisition of ATAC Resources Ltd.

Construction: Approximately 3,000 direct jobs and 1,000 indirect jobs. The project will have facilities to house up to 4,120 people during this phase. Operation: Approximately 834 direct jobs and 423 indirect jobs.

Production overview - 2018: copper 1674660 t, gold 30.849 t.

conventional concentrator plant with a processing capacity of up to 80,000 tonnes of ore per day. The process will include crushing, grinding, flotation, thickening, and filtering to produce a copper-gold concentrate. An average processing capacity of 64,000 tonnes per day is also cited. A 3.6-kilometre-long tunnel will be constructed to convey ore to the crushing circuit.

conventional truck and shovel operations

The Zafranal Project received regulatory approval from Peru's National Service of Environmental Certification for Sustainable Investments (SENACE) in May 2023. A Feasibility Study was completed in June 2019 and updated in January 2020. However, Teck Resources has since decided to place the project into "asset preservation" to focus on other assets. Early work activities were to be halted, and contractors demobilised by the end of the first quarter of 2026.

expected to create over 360 full-time jobs and 700 construction jobs

The NewRange Copper Nickel project, formerly known as the NorthMet project, is located in northeastern Minnesota and is operated by NewRange Copper Nickel LLC. This entity is a 50:50 joint venture formed in February 2023 between Teck Resources and PolyMet Mining Corp. (now a subsidiary of Glencore). The project is situated approximately six miles south of Babbitt, with ore processing planned for the former LTV taconite plant near Hoyt Lakes. The project is currently in the permitting and development phase. Key permits have been subject to legal and regulatory challenges, with some being revoked or stayed, leading to a suspension of the contested case hearing process until at least August 2025. NewRange is undertaking studies to assess potential changes to the project's design, including tailings storage, water quality measures, and increasing production from 32,000 to 40,000 tons per day. This could potentially shorten the mine life from 20 to 15 years, while the total permitted tonnage of 225 million tons would remain unchanged.

increasing production from 32,000 to 40,000 tons per day

The processing will involve crushing, grinding, and flotation to produce copper and nickel-copper concentrates.

NewRange is undertaking studies to assess potential changes to the project's design, including tailings storage, water quality measures, and increasing production from 32,000 to 40,000 tons per day. A potential second phase could include a hydrometallurgical plant to further process nickel concentrates.

The project is supported by approximately 30 full-time employees, with additional seasonal and contractor-based teams. Project construction is estimated to create between 4,000 and 4,500 direct jobs, and once in production, the mine would create an estimated 1,200 direct jobs.

The Galore Creek Project, located in the territory of the Tahltan Nation in northwestern British Columbia, is one of the world's largest undeveloped copper-gold-silver deposits. It is operated by the Galore Creek Mining Corporation (GCMC), a 50:50 partnership between Teck Resources Limited and Newmont Corporation. The project is currently in a comprehensive pre-feasibility study stage, which is expected to be completed in early 2025. This study will inform an updated project design before the start of a major regulatory approval process. Proposed changes to the approved mine include increasing production and relocating the Tailings Management Facility and other processing facilities.

Production overview - 2023: copper 5515225.128 t, gold 293.554833 t, silver 5414.683901 t.

The project plans to use milling and flotation to produce a high-quality copper-gold concentrate.

The proposed mine is a conventional truck and shovel open-pit operation.

An updated Prefeasibility Study is on track for completion in early 2025. The project's existing Environmental Assessment Certificate (EAC) was successfully modernised, with an amendment approved on 2 December 2024, to support the resumption of access development. Following the completion of the pre-feasibility study, a major regulatory process for the updated project is expected to begin in early 2025.